Ringkas artikel ini ke dalam bahasa Indonesia yang jelas dan formal maksimal 120-150 kata: Cognitive dissonance is the psychological discomfort…
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Tulis ulang artikel berikut ke dalam bahasa Indonesia yang rapi, mudah dipahami, gaya formal pendidikan, minimal 300 kata:
Cognitive dissonance is the psychological discomfort people feel when their beliefs, values, or self-image conflict with their actions, decisions, or new information.
Definition
Cognitive dissonance is a theory in psychology describing the tension that arises when a person holds inconsistent beliefs, or when behavior conflicts with stated values. That discomfort often motivates the person to reduce the inconsistency by changing behavior, revising beliefs, or adding a justification.
Key Characteristics of Cognitive Dissonance
- It involves felt psychological discomfort, not just a contradiction on paper.
- It usually appears when an action, belief, value, or identity claim does not align with another important cognition.
- The discomfort tends to be stronger when the issue matters to the person or affects how they see themselves.
- People are often motivated to reduce the tension quickly, but not always rationally.
- Resolution may involve honest change, but it may also involve defensiveness, distortion, or rationalization.
How Cognitive Dissonance Typically Unfolds
1. A conflict appears
A belief, value, or self-image clashes with a behavior, decision, or new information.
Example: A student believes honesty matters but cheats on an assignment.
2. Discomfort is felt
The inconsistency creates internal tension such as unease, guilt, defensiveness, or pressure to explain the mismatch.
Example: The student sees the behavior as inconsistent with being an honest person.
3. A response follows
The person tries to reduce the discomfort by changing the behavior, changing the belief, or adding a justification.
Example: The student stops cheating, redefines the act as “not really cheating,” or claims the assignment was unfair.
Three Common Ways People Reduce Cognitive Dissonance
1. Change behavior
The person…
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Cognitive dissonance is the psychological discomfort people feel when their beliefs, values, or self-image conflict with their actions, decisions, or new information.
Definition
Cognitive dissonance is a theory in psychology describing the tension that arises when a person holds inconsistent beliefs, or when behavior conflicts with stated values. That discomfort often motivates the person to reduce the inconsistency by changing behavior, revising beliefs, or adding a justification.
Key Characteristics of Cognitive Dissonance
- It involves felt psychological discomfort, not just a contradiction on paper.
- It usually appears when an action, belief, value, or identity claim does not align with another important cognition.
- The discomfort tends to be stronger when the issue matters to the person or affects how they see themselves.
- People are often motivated to reduce the tension quickly, but not always rationally.
- Resolution may involve honest change, but it may also involve defensiveness, distortion, or rationalization.
How Cognitive Dissonance Typically Unfolds
1. A conflict appears
A belief, value, or self-image clashes with a behavior, decision, or new information.
Example: A student believes honesty matters but cheats on an assignment.
2. Discomfort is felt
The inconsistency creates internal tension such as unease, guilt, defensiveness, or pressure to explain the mismatch.
Example: The student sees the behavior as inconsistent with being an honest person.
3. A response follows
The person tries to reduce the discomfort by changing the behavior, changing the belief, or adding a justification.
Example: The student stops cheating, redefines the act as “not really cheating,” or claims the assignment was unfair.
Three Common Ways People Reduce Cognitive Dissonance
1. Change behavior
The person…
